Daodejing Chapter 22 breakdown: embracing the one

Chapter 22 of the Daodejing encourages a life of simplicity, humility, and non-contention, where understanding and embracing paradox leads to a deeper realization of the truth. By embracing the oneness of the Dao, the sage provides the ideal role model for leading a balanced and fulfilling life.

Section 1
Curved therefore whole.
Bent therefore straight.
Hollow therefore full.
Used therefore new.
Little therefore much.
Too much therefore troubled.

The passage begins with a series of paradoxes, reflecting the idea that the nature of reality often defies straightforward logic and what seems contradictory on the surface may reveal a deeper harmony and balance underneath. Behind these paradoxes is the idea of dualities, in which things are caught in a constant cycle of reversion to their opposites, highlighting the importance of understanding and embracing the complex, often surprising nature of life and existence.

If something can be bent or twisted, it stays whole or intact. If it resists bending, it snaps. Only by having an empty space inside it, can a cup or bowl be filled. By being content with little, you paradoxically gain more peace and satisfaction. Conversely, excessive desires lead to dissatisfaction and distress. Best to moderate your wants and find fulfilment in simplicity rather than constantly chasing the next bright and shiny object that attracts you.

Section 2
The sage embraces the one,
Is a model for all-under-heaven.
He does not show off,
And therefore shines.
He does not promote himself,
And is therefore revered.
He does not boast,
And therefore accomplishes.
He does not seek glory,
And therefore endures.
Because he does not contend,
All-under-heaven does not contend with him.

The sage embraces the oneness or the fundamental unity of all things that is exemplified by these paradoxes. His conduct is characterized by humility and subtlety: he does not show off, boast, or seek glory. These qualities make him a model for others, not through force or effort, but through his natural, uncontrived way of being. His power and influence come from the practice of wuwei, or effortless action, leading others to respect and follow him naturally.

By not competing or bulldozing his way through life, the sage avoids unnecessary conflict and strife. This non-contention is not a weakness but a profound strength that comes from being in harmony with the Dao. True power and influence arise from a state of peace and alignment with the natural world rather than from force or aggression.

Section 3
The old saying
Curved therefore whole
Is no empty talk!
The curved returns
To the truly whole.

The chapter concludes by reiterating the theme of returning to a state of wholeness and unity. Despite the apparent contradictions and complexities of life, there is an underlying unity and completeness to which you can return. This is a journey back to the fundamental nature of reality, where you find peace, balance, and a deep understanding of the Dao.

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Daodejing Chapter 22: curved therefore whole